Can you recognize returning users that use the Private or Incognito mode of their browser?

In general, no, as user recognition in Mapp Intelligence is based on cookies. If a user visits your website using "Private Mode" (Firefox, Safari) or "Incognito Mode" (Chrome), his cookies are deleted automatically when he closes the browser. If a user revisits your website afterward, he cannot be recognized as a returning user with the help of cookies.

User recognition gets more precise if the user logs in on your website: If so, a Customer ID can be passed that allows identifying the user as returning visitor.

Further information can be found in the training chapter Basic Metrics.