Email Delivery Metrics Explained

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Introduction

This article explains how email delivery metrics in Mapp Engage are determined. It describes how skips, bounces, and feedback responses influence delivery statistics.

This article focuses on how delivery results are classified and reflected in statistics.

For technical processing details, see Email Sendout Process.


How Delivery Results Are Determined

During an email sendout, several stages influence whether a message is processed, delivered, skipped, or rejected. These stages directly affect delivery-related metrics shown in Message Statistics.

Delivery metrics are influenced by:

  • Segment configuration and recipient limits

  • Skipped messages

  • Bounce classifications

  • Recipient feedback

Each category affects delivery statistics differently.


Segment and Recipient Limits

Before sendout begins, the system determines the eligible recipient base.

Segment

A segment defines which recipients in the database are eligible to receive a message. In some areas of the user interface, this concept may still appear as “Selection”.

Only recipients included in the selected segment are considered for sendout and included in delivery calculations.

Number of Recipients

You can define whether a message is sent to:

  • All recipients in the selected segment

  • A percentage of recipients

  • A fixed number of recipients

This configuration directly determines the maximum possible delivery volume reflected in statistics.


Skipped Messages

Skipped messages are excluded before final delivery due to defined criteria. These messages do not reach the recipient’s mail server and are reflected accordingly in delivery statistics.

Examples include:

  • System-wide deactivated addresses

  • Missing required contact information

Most skipped messages are filtered before reaching the internal Mail Transfer Agent (MTA).

Two exceptions are the reasons Invalid Domain and Sendout Failed. In these cases, exclusion occurs at the internal MTA stage.

Some skip reasons differ between single and group messages. Group-specific checks apply only to group messages. Single messages are evaluated solely based on recipient-specific criteria.

For detailed information about skip reasons, see Skipped Messages.


Bounces

Bounces occur when the recipient’s Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) rejects a message after it has been handed over for delivery. Bounce responses are generated after sendout but before the message reaches the inbox.

Bounce classifications directly influence delivery rate metrics.

There are two main types of bounces:


Soft Bounce

Soft bounces indicate temporary or policy-related delivery issues.

The following categories are classified as Soft Bounces:

  • TRANSIENT

  • UNKNOWN

  • BLOCKED

Examples include:

  • Transient problems such as a full inbox or insufficient storage

  • Temporary delivery restrictions

  • Unknown temporary errors

  • Messages blocked by the receiving server due to filtering or reputation rules

Soft bounces do not immediately invalidate an email address.

Repeated soft bounces may result in system-wide deactivation of the contact, depending on system configuration and bounce handling rules. However, the bounce category itself remains a Soft Bounce.


Hard Bounce

Hard bounces indicate permanent delivery failures.

The following categories are classified as Hard Bounces:

  • INVALID

  • REJECTED

  • COMPLAINT

Examples include:

  • Non-existent email addresses

  • Deactivated accounts

  • Messages permanently rejected by the receiving server

  • Spam complaints reported by the recipient

Hard bounces invalidate the email address for future sendouts and are reflected as permanent delivery failures in statistics.


Important Distinction: Bounce Category vs. Contact Status

It is important to distinguish between:

  1. The bounce category shown in exports (for example, bounce.Category)

  2. The system status of the contact (for example, active or system-wide deactivated)

A contact may become system-wide deactivated after repeated soft bounces.

However, this does not change the original bounce classification.

For example:

  • BLOCKED is technically classified as a Soft Bounce.

  • A contact may still become system-wide deactivated after repeated BLOCKED events.


Feedback

Feedback responses are generated by recipients or their email applications. These responses do not reduce the number of recipients during sendout but are recorded in statistics.

Examples include:

  • Spam complaints

  • Out-of-office replies

Spam complaints are reflected in relevant performance metrics and can affect deliverability over time.